A French population based prospective cohort study suggests a potential direct association between higher artificial sweetener consumption (especially aspartame, acesulfame potassium, and sucralose) and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The study included 103 388 participants of the web-based cohort (mean age 42.2 years, 79.8% female, 904 206 person years) from 2009 to […]
An individual participant data meta-analysis concluded that most (>90%) of all reports of muscle symptoms with statin therapy were not due to the statin, although statins did cause a small proportional increase in reports of muscle pain, largely during the first year of treatment. The analysis included 19 double-blind trials […]
A drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis indicated adverse neurocognitive effects related to statins but not proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibition. Data were from a combined sample of ∼740,000 participants in predominantly European ancestry-based genome-wide association cohort studies. There was a neutral cognitive profile related to genetic PCSK9 inhibition, […]
A US randomized clinical trial suggested that early time-restricted eating (eTRE) was more effective for weight loss than eating over a window of 12 or more hours. A total of 90 obese participants (mean body mass index, 39.6; age, 43 years; 80% female) received weight-loss treatment (energy restriction [ER] of […]
A systematic review and network meta-analysis provided the most comprehensive data synthesis on pharmacological treatments for adults with insomnia. The study included 170 trials (36 interventions and 47 950 participants) in the systematic review and 154 double-blind, randomized controlled trials (30 interventions and 44 089 participants) for the network meta-analysis. Benzodiazepines, doxylamine, […]
A US decision analytical model suggested that achieving recommended goals of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and body mass index (BMI) may extend the life expectancy (LE) of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The model was calibrated to a nationally representative sample of […]
A US prospective cohort study showed that a healthy lifestyle was associated with a longer life expectancy, and a larger proportion of their remaining years without Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The study included 2449 participants aged 65 years and older (mean 76 years, 63% women, African American>50%) from 1993 to 2009, […]
A US open-label, multicenter, randomized trial concluded that in pregnant women with mild chronic high blood pressure (BP), a strategy of targeting BP<140/90 mm Hg was associated with better pregnancy outcomes than a strategy of reserving treatment only for severe high BP, with no increase in the risk of small-for-gestational-age […]
A US randomized, controlled, crossover study in healthy, nonobese individuals revealed that sleep restriction combined with ad libitum food promotes excess energy intake, weight gain and particularly central accumulation of fat without changing energy expenditure. The study included 12 healthy, nonobese individuals (9 males, age range 19 to 39 years), […]
An UK randomized trial revealed that traditional dietary advice (TDA), low FODMAP diet (LFD) and gluten-free diet (GFD) are all effective approaches in non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but TDA is the most patient-friendly in terms of cost and convenience. A total of 99 patients with non-constipated IBS completed the […]