A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 262 randomized trials involving 99,791 participants found that anti-obesity medications vary substantially in both effectiveness and safety, with greater weight loss generally accompanied by higher rates of adverse events and treatment discontinuation. At one year, tirzepatide and cagrilintide-semaglutide (CagriSema) produced the greatest confirmed […]
Baseline use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and, to a lesser extent, antibiotics was associated with poorer outcomes in patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy, suggesting these medications may reduce the benefit of immunotherapy. This post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 […]
A nationwide Danish study found that recent use of several progestogen-containing contraceptives—including cyproterone, desogestrel, drospirenone, gestodene, levonorgestrel, injectable medroxyprogesterone, and high-dose levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (IUDs)—was associated with an increased risk of meningioma, with injectable medroxyprogesterone showing the strongest association. Researchers analyzed nationwide health registry data from approximately 3 million women […]
Higher vitamin A levels were associated with better lung function in children and adults with asthma, while adequate vitamin D levels were linked to better lung function and slower epigenetic aging in adults. Researchers analyzed two asthma cohorts involving 1,165 children and 1,041 adults, measuring vitamin A and D levels […]
Higher coffee consumption was associated with substantially lower risks of cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver-related death, while also showing favorable liver imaging and proteomic profiles in a prospective study of nearly 355,000 participants from the UK Biobank. During a median follow-up of 13 years, individuals who drank at least five […]
A pooled analysis of 11 prospective cohort studies involving more than 1.5 million adults found that higher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with an increased risk of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), whereas artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) were not associated with liver cancer risk. Researchers […]
The American Cancer Society (ACS) reaffirmed that average-risk adults should begin colorectal cancer (CRC) screening at age 45 and continue through age 75 if life expectancy exceeds 10 years, while emphasizing that stool-based screening tests remain the preferred noncolonoscopy options over newer blood-based tests. CRC remains a leading cause of […]
A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis involving 69 randomized controlled trials and 153,902 adults found that calcium supplements, vitamin D supplements, or their combination offer little to no clinically meaningful benefit in preventing fractures or falls in adults not taking osteoporosis medications. Most participants were community-dwelling individuals (87%) and were […]
A US prospective real-world study of 357 adults with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) found that higher daily stress levels were strongly associated with worse IBS symptom severity, and stress and symptoms appeared to reinforce each other especially from the afternoon into the evening. Researchers followed adults meeting Rome IV criteria […]
An updated Cochrane systematic review of five randomized controlled trials involving 341,342 men found that PSA-based prostate cancer screening did not significantly reduce prostate cancer-specific mortality or overall mortality when all studies were combined, although one major European study (ERSPC) showed a 21% reduction in prostate cancer deaths among men […]