Older adults with higher cumulative daily cortisol levels experienced faster cognitive decline, while healthier day-to-day cortisol variability was linked to slower decline, suggesting that salivary cortisol may serve as an early biomarker of cognitive aging, although it was not associated with short-term Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. In this US prospective […]
A randomized controlled trial found that a ketogenic diet significantly improved metabolic health, cognitive performance, and psychiatric symptoms in people with schizophrenia-spectrum and bipolar I disorders, with improvements in depressive symptoms linked to ketosis rather than weight loss. In this study, 58 outpatients were randomized to either a ketogenic diet […]
Subjective olfactory impairment (self-reported smell loss) is consistently associated with a higher likelihood of depression, whereas objectively measured olfactory impairment is more strongly linked to depression in older adults and individuals with complete smell loss. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 23 population-based studies representing 17 independent cohorts and 187,056 […]
A secondary MRI analysis of the US POINTER randomized clinical trial found that a structured multidomain lifestyle intervention slowed the progression of cerebral small-vessel disease–related injury, as measured by white matter free water (FW), in adults aged 60–69 years, but not in those aged 70 years or older, suggesting greater […]
Dementia risk factors vary substantially across countries, but they frequently cluster together in similar patterns worldwide, supporting both context-specific prevention strategies and multidomain interventions. In this comparative cross-sectional study of 214,251 adults aged 50 years and older from 14 countries and regions spanning high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries, […]
Children and adults with autism exhibit altered large-scale brain connectivity patterns compared with typically developing individuals, and these differences are most pronounced in a subtype characterized by lower language, intellectual, and adaptive functioning (LIAF). Using data-driven clustering of standardized phenotypic measures from 419 individuals in the US National Institute of […]
Older adults with biological signs of Alzheimer’s disease or neurodegeneration who adhered more closely to an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern had a significantly lower risk of developing dementia. In this Swedish population-based cohort study of 1,865 adults aged 60 years and older without dementia at baseline, researchers examined three healthy dietary […]
Higher daytime light exposure was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing dementia, while nighttime light exposure showed no significant relationship. In this study of 87,577 dementia-free UK adults (average age 62 years) followed for a median of 8.1 years, 741 participants developed dementia. Researchers measured light exposure using […]
The impact of late-life high blood pressure (BP) on dementia risk appears to depend on an older adult’s level of frailty, with high BP increasing dementia risk in robust individuals but not in those who are prefrail or frail. In this US prospective analysis of 5,093 dementia-free participants aged 67–89 […]
A U.S. study found that receiving the recombinant herpes zoster vaccine (RZV, shingles vaccine) was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing dementia among older adults admitted to skilled-nursing facilities. Researchers analyzed data from 509,926 Medicare beneficiaries aged 66 years or older who had no prior dementia diagnosis and […]