A U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review found that fluoroquinolone antibiotics can increase the occurrence of rare but serious events of ruptures or tears in the main artery of the body, so called aortic dissections or aneurysm. Systemic use given by mouth or through an injection of fluoroquinolones should […]
An US randomized crossover study showed that chronic dietary red meat increases systemic trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels through enhanced dietary precursors, increased microbial trimethylamine (TMA)/TMAO production from carnitine, but not choline, and reduced renal TMAO excretion. Discontinuation of dietary red meat reduces plasma TMAO within 4 weeks. There were 113 healthy […]
A prospective global cohort study suggested that total sleep duration of 6–8 h per day is associated with the lowest risk of deaths and major cardiovascular events (MCEs). Daytime napping is associated with increased risks of MCEs and deaths in those with >6 h of nighttime sleep but not in those sleeping […]
An UK multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial suggests that aspirin and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) might have chemopreventive effect on colorectal adenomas. Between Nov 11, 2011, and June 10, 2016, 709 patients aged 55–73 years who were identified during colonoscopy as being at high risk were randomly […]
An US randomized feeding trial concluded that lowering dietary carbohydrate increased energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance. The study included 164 adults aged 18-65 years with a body mass index of 25 or more from August 2014 to May 2017. After 12% (within 2%) weight loss on a run-in diet, […]
A nationwide, randomized, placebo-controlled trial revealed that daily supplementation with high-dose vitamin D or n-3 fatty acids for 5 years among initially healthy adults in the US did not reduce the incidence of cancer or the incidence of major cardiovascular events. The trial included 25,871 participants (5106 black, ages >/=50 […]
An UK prospective population based cohort study found that genetic and lifestyle factors were independently associated with risk of incident stroke. The study recruited 306 473 men and women, aged 40-73 years, between 2006 and 2010. During a median follow-up of 7.1 years (2 138 443 person years), 2077 incident strokes (1541 ischemic […]
Two prospective cohort studies showed that regular use of low-dose aspirin was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer and that regular, long-term aspirin use was associated with a dose-dependent reduction in the risk of hepatocellular cancer (HCC). The first study in 2 cohorts of 93,664 (mean age 45.9 […]
A comprehensive analysis of global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors concluded that alcohol use is a leading risk factor for disease burden worldwide, contributes to health loss from many causes and exacts its toll across the lifespan, and the safest level of drinking is none. The analysis used […]
A prospective US cohort study and meta-analysis suggested that both high and low percentages of carbohydrate diets were associated with increased mortality, with minimal risk observed at 50–55% carbohydrate intake. The association was modified by the source of food, with higher mortality when carbohydrates were exchanged for animal-derived fat or […]