A harmonized meta-analysis concluded that longer sedentary time is associated with higher mortality in less active individuals when measured by accelerometry. About 30–40min of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) per day attenuate the association between sedentary time and risk of death. The analysis included 44370 middle-aged and older men and women […]
A US randomized clinical trial revealed that a low-fat plant-based diet is effective in reducing body weight and increasing insulin sensitivity and postprandial metabolism. A total of 244 participants with body mass index of 28 to 40 (87% female, 48% White, mean age 54.4 years) were randomized in a 1:1 […]
A US prospective cohort study suggests that most gout cases could potentially be prevented by achieving and maintaining a normal weight, eating a DASH-style diet, and avoiding alcohol consumption and diuretic use. Men with obesity may not benefit from other modifications unless weight loss is addressed. The study included 44 654 […]
The secondary analysis of a US randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial suggested that vitamin D3 apparently reduced the risk of developing advanced cancer among adults who have normal but not elevated body mass index (BMI). The trial included 25 871 randomized participants (51% female; mean age, 67.1 years), 1617 were diagnosed […]
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) concluded that treatment with finerenone reduced risks of CKD progression and cardiovascular (CV) events. Between September 2015 and June 2018, 5734 patients with CKD and T2D were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive […]
A post-hoc analysis of a subset of adult participants in a randomized trial showed that changes in pancreas volume and shape occurred during 2 years of remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with weight management intervention. The analysis included 90 T2D participants randomly assigned to a weight management intervention (n=64) […]
A meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization study identified causal risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study found evidence of causal associations between 34 exposures (19 risk factors and 15 protective factors) and T2D. Insomnia was identified as a novel risk factor (OR 1.17). The other 18 risk factors were […]
A meta-analysis suggested that long naps (more than 60 mins) were associated with a 30% greater risk of all-cause death and 34% higher likelihood of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to no napping. When night-time sleep was considered, long naps were linked with a higher risk of death only in those […]
The American Cancer Society just updated the guideline on diet and physical activity for cancer prevention, which is consistent with guidelines from the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association for the prevention of coronary heart disease and diabetes as well as for general health promotion. Recommendations for individuals: […]
A US retrospective cohort study found no association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) use and COVID-19 test positivity. The study included 18 472 patients tested for COVID-19 (mean age 49 years, 40% male, and 69% white), 12.4% were taking either ACEIs or ARBs. A positive […]