An international panel issues a strong recommendation against thyroid hormones in adults with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH, elevated TSH levels and normal free T4 levels). It does not apply to women who are trying to become pregnant or patients with TSH >20 mIU/L. It may not apply to patients with severe […]
A 52-week, randomized, open-label, controlled trial revealed that budesonide–formoterol used as needed was superior to albuterol used as needed and on par with budesonide maintenance for the prevention of asthma exacerbations. A total of 675 patients were randomly assigned to the albuterol (100 μg as needed for asthma symptoms) group; […]
A US randomized, controlled clinical trial revealed that a dietary change with increased vegetable, fruit, and grain intake reduced the risk of death from breast cancer in postmenopausal women. A total of 48,835 postmenopausal women, aged 50-79 years, with no previous breast cancer and dietary fat intake ≥32% of total […]
A personalized predictive model that takes into consideration unique features of an individual in addition to food characteristics was more predictive than current dietary approaches for glycemic responses to food consumed. The study enrolled 327 individuals without diabetes from October 11, 2016, to December 13, 2017 in the US. The […]
A series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prospective studies and randomized controlled trials with relatively high intakes of dietary fiber and whole grains revealed complementary findings, and striking dose-response evidence indicates that the relationships to several non-communicable diseases could be causal. The analyses included about 135 million person-years of […]
A US study suggested that genetic variations may be at play with vitamin E, increasing cancer risk in some individuals while decreasing risk for others. Multiple pathways may link the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) to the vitamin E supplement, alpha-tocopherol, and cancer. The most extensively studied variant in COMT comes in […]
An UK multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial suggests that aspirin and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) might have chemopreventive effect on colorectal adenomas. Between Nov 11, 2011, and June 10, 2016, 709 patients aged 55–73 years who were identified during colonoscopy as being at high risk were randomly […]
A multicenter randomized controlled trial in the Netherlands showed that both individual and group hypnotherapy were effective in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Between May 31, 2011, and April 6, 2016, 354 patients with IBS (aged 18–65 years) were randomly allocated (3:3:1) to three groups to receive six sessions of individual […]
An US randomized feeding trial concluded that lowering dietary carbohydrate increased energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance. The study included 164 adults aged 18-65 years with a body mass index of 25 or more from August 2014 to May 2017. After 12% (within 2%) weight loss on a run-in diet, […]
A nationwide, randomized, placebo-controlled trial revealed that daily supplementation with high-dose vitamin D or n-3 fatty acids for 5 years among initially healthy adults in the US did not reduce the incidence of cancer or the incidence of major cardiovascular events. The trial included 25,871 participants (5106 black, ages >/=50 […]