Sex Differences in Heart Attacks in Younger Patients

In a US community-based study of patients aged ≤65 years between 2003 and 2018, researchers identified 1,474 index myocardial infarction (MI) events and classified them into six pathophysiologic mechanisms: atherothrombosis, spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), embolism, vasospasm, MI with nonobstructed coronary arteries of uncertain cause (MINOCA-U), and supply/demand mismatch secondary […]

Chronic Insomnia Linked to Cognitive Decline in Older Adults

A US longitudinal population-based cohort study suggests that chronic insomnia, especially with reduced sleep, is a risk factor for cognitive decline and adverse brain health in older adults. Researchers followed cognitively unimpaired participants who underwent annual neuropsychological testing and brain imaging (amyloid-PET and MRI for white matter hyperintensities [WMH]) over […]

Effects of A Ketogenic Diet, Time-Restricted Eating or Alternate-Day Fasting on Ambulatory BP

A sub-analysis of a Spanish randomized clinical trial showed that diets with varying ketogenic potential had differing impacts on blood pressure (BP). Ninety six participants with obesity (BMI >30 kg/m²) were assigned to one of five dietetic interventions: early time-restricted eating (eTRE), late time-restricted eating (lTRE), modified alternate-day fasting (mADF), […]

Low- and No-Calorie Artificial Sweeteners Intake Linked to Cognitive Decline

A Brazilian longitudinal cohort study suggested that consumption of low- and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCSs) was associated with accelerated cognitive decline. A total of 12,772 civil servants (mean age 52 years, 55% women) were followed over three study waves across eight years. Using dietary questionnaires and cognitive testing, researchers found that […]

Mediterranean Diet Promising in Lowering Dementia Risk

A US cohort study revealed genotype-dependent metabolic signatures of cognitive health and support precision nutrition approaches, such as Mediterranean diet for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) prevention. The study analyzed genetic, plasma metabolomic, and dietary data from 4,215 women and 1,490 men in prospective cohorts. The associations between 57 […]

Body Fat Pattern Linked to Cardiovascular Ageing

A UK cohort study suggested that both shared and sex-specific fat patterns influence cardiovascular ageing. In the study of 21,241 UK Biobank participants, machine learning was applied to 126 image-derived measures of vascular function, cardiac motion, and myocardial fibrosis to estimate cardiovascular age, with the difference from chronological age defined […]

Periodontitis Treatment Effective for Atherosclerosis

A UK randomized, single-blind, controlled trial of 135 otherwise healthy participants with periodontitis showed that intensive periodontal treatment (IPT) improved vascular outcomes beyond endothelial function. Participants were randomized to IPT (scaling, root planning, and corrective surgery if needed) or control periodontal treatment (CPT: supra-gingival scaling and polishing) and followed for […]

Updated US Guidelines for High Blood Pressure

The updated US guidelines for high blood pressure (HBP) emphasize that HBP is the most common and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases—including coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, dementia, chronic kidney disease, and all-cause mortality—with a treatment goal of <130/80 mm Hg for most adults, while allowing […]

Remote Ischemic Conditioning Beneficial for Ischemic Stroke Treated by Endovascular Thrombectomy

A Chinese multicenter, participant-blinded, randomized controlled trial found that remote ischemic conditioning (RIC)—a neuroprotective therapy involving twice-daily cuff inflation to 200 mmHg (four cycles of 5 minutes of ischemia followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion) for 7 days—significantly improved recovery in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular thrombectomy. Among […]

Refined Carbohydrate Intake Linked to MASLD

A prospective cohort study involving 12,134 Chinese adults examined the link between intake of refined carbohydrates, staple foods, and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Over a median follow-up of 4.32 years, 4,447 new MASLD cases were identified. Higher total refined carbohydrate intake was associated with increased […]