Active Surveillance Safe and Effective for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer

A prospective multicenter cohort study revealed that protocol-directed active surveillance is safe and effective for avoiding overtreatment and preventing undertreatment in patients with low-risk prostate cancer. The study included 2155 patients with favorable-risk prostate cancer and no prior treatment from 2008 to 2022 with a median follow-up of 7.2 years. […]

Statins Still Beneficial in Old and Very Old Adults

A Chinese sequential target trial emulation comparing matched cohorts initiating versus not initiating statin therapy suggested benefits and safety of statin therapy in adults aged ≥75 years, even ≥85 years. The trial included persons 75 years or older who met indications for statin initiation from January 2008 to December 2015 […]

Gut Microbiota May Have Causal Effects on Non-HDL-c

A Chinese cohort study suggested a causal effect of gut microbiota on non-HDL-c and identified 3-indolepropionic acid and N-methyltryptamine as key effectors of gut microbiota to the variation of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c). The study included a total of 1361 community-dwelling participants without major diseases and free of antibiotics and lipid-lowering […]

Ultra-Processed Foods Linked to Higher Mortality

A US prospective population based cohort study suggested that higher ultra-processed food intake was associated with slightly increased all-cause mortality. The associations were mainly driven by meat/poultry/seafood based ready-to-eat products, sugar and artificially sweetened beverages, dairy based desserts, and ultra-processed breakfast foods. The study included 74 563 women (1984-2018) and 39 501 […]

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Guidelines Updated

The US guideline for the management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have been updated. The top 10 take-home messages are: Shared decision-making is essential to provide the best clinical care. Referral to multidisciplinary HCM centers with appropriate expertise can be important to optimizing care for patients with HCM. Careful ascertainment of […]

GWAS Improved BP Polygenic Risk Scores

A single-stage common-variant genome-wide association study (GWAS) of blood pressure (BP) in European-ancestry adults improved BP polygenic risk scores (PRS) and provided additional insights into the genetic contribution of BP. The study identified 113 novel loci, reporting a total of 2,103 independent genetic signals in 1,028,980 European individuals from the […]

BMI, Waist Circumference, and Mortality in the Oldest-Old

A prospective Chinese Mendelian randomization study revealed that participants with higher body mass index (BMI) but lower waist circumference (WC) had the lowest mortality risk among the oldest-old. The study enrolled 5306 community-based oldest-old (mean age 90.6 years) between 1998 and 2018. Genetic risk scores were constructed from 58 single-nucleotide […]

Brain’s Stress-Related Activity Mediated CVD Benefit of Physical Activity

A US cohort study suggested that physical activity (PA) appears to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in part by acting through the brain’s stress-related activity. The study included a total of 50,359 adults (median age 60 years; 40.1% male). Stress-related neural activity was measured as the ratio of resting amygdalar-to-cortical […]

MAD On Par to CPAP for Reducing BP

A randomized, non-inferiority trial in Singapore showed that mandibular advancement device (MAD) was non-inferior to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for reducing 24-hour mean arterial blood pressure (BP) in patients with high BP and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The trial randomized 220 participants with moderate-to-severe OSA (apnea–hypopnea index AHI ≥15 […]