A longitudinal randomized controlled trial in Canada revealed that concurrent and lasting effects of adolescent cannabis use can be observed on important cognitive function and appear to be more pronounced than those observed for alcohol. The study included a population-based sample of 3,826 seventh-grade students from 31 schools consisting of […]
Findings of two randomized, placebo controlled clinical trials challenged the role of aspirin in primary prevention in a low-risk population and in patients of diabetes. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study was done in seven countries. Between July 5, 2007, and Nov 15, 2016, 12 546 eligible patients aged 55 years […]
Major world cardiology associations have updated and standardized what defines a heart attack and have added the concept of “myocardial injury.” Myocardial injury is defined as an elevated cardiac troponin. The myocardial injury is considered acute if there is rise and/or fall of troponin values. Acute myocardial infarction is defined […]
A comprehensive analysis of global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors concluded that alcohol use is a leading risk factor for disease burden worldwide, contributes to health loss from many causes and exacts its toll across the lifespan, and the safest level of drinking is none. The analysis used […]
A small randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in the US showed that oral dietary glutamine supplements effective and safe in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) with intestinal hyperpermeability following an enteric infection. Participants (mean age 31.7, approximately 70% women, and 80% white) were randomized to glutamine (5 g/t.i.d.) or placebo […]
A longitudinal study in the US revealed that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ≥160 mg/dL were independently associated with a 50% to 80% increased relative risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a low risk cohort with long-term follow-up. The study included 36 375 participants (72% […]
A prospective US cohort study and meta-analysis suggested that both high and low percentages of carbohydrate diets were associated with increased mortality, with minimal risk observed at 50–55% carbohydrate intake. The association was modified by the source of food, with higher mortality when carbohydrates were exchanged for animal-derived fat or […]
The secondary analysis of a US community-based cohort study suggested that right ventricular (RV) dysfunction played an important and underrecognized role in the progression to heart failure (HF). This study included 1004 elderly participants (mean age 76 years, 385 men, and 121 black) who underwent both 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional RV […]
The ongoing prospective urban rural epidemiology study in 21 countries suggested that sodium intake was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and strokes in communities where mean intake was greater than 5 g/day, and CVD decreased with increasing potassium intake in all countries. The study included 95 767 participants in 369 communities […]
Canadian professional groups recommended deprescribing proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in adults who have completed a minimum of 4 weeks of PPI treatment for heartburn or mild to moderate gastroesophageal reflux disease or esophagitis, and whose symptoms are resolved. Deprescirbing by decreasing the daily dose or stopping and changing to on-demand […]