A nationwide Swedish cohort study suggests that in patients with chronic viral hepatitis, low-dose (75 mg or 160 mg) aspirin use was associated with a duration-dependent significantly lower risk of incident hepatocellular carcinoma and liver-related death than no use of aspirin, without a significantly higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. The […]
A Swedish nationwide cohort study suggests that stress-related disorders may be associated with the subsequent risk of neurodegenerative diseases, possibly through a cerebrovascular pathway. A population-matched cohort included 61 748 individuals who received their first diagnosis of stress-related disorders (posttraumatic stress disorder, acute stress reaction, adjustment disorder, and other stress reactions) […]
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials concluded that the magnitude of blood pressure (BP) lowering achieved with sodium reduction showed a dose-response relation and was greater for older populations, non-white populations, and those with higher BP. Short term studies underestimate the effect of sodium reduction on BP. The […]
A US prospective nested case-control study revealed that long-term increases in a gut-microbial metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), and repeated assessment of TMAO over 10 years improved the identification of people with a higher CHD risk. The study included 760 healthy […]
A study in Europe supports the feasibility of improving the habitual diet to modulate the gut microbiota and potentially to promote healthier ageing. The gut microbiota were profiled in 612 non-frail or pre-frail elderly subjects across five European countries before and after the administration of a 12-month Mediterranean diet intervention. […]
A randomized controlled trial in Australia suggested that a low dose metoprolol and aspirin for 6 weeks reduces physiological and psychological surrogate measures of cardiovascular risk in early bereavement. After assessment within 2 weeks of bereavement, spouses (n = 73) or parents (n = 12) of deceased (aged 66.1 ± 9.4 years, 55 females) were randomized […]
A cohort study suggests that higher intake of processed meat, unprocessed red meat, or poultry, was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), whereas higher intake of processed meat or unprocessed red meat, was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. The study analyzed […]
An exome sequencing study of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) identified 102 risk genes at a false discovery rate of 0.1 or less. The study included 35,584 total samples, 11,986 with ASD, and used an enhanced analytical framework to integrate de novo and case-control rare variation. 49 of the risk genes […]
An international multicenter case-control cohort study suggested that high density 1K plaque (the volume of plaque with more than 1000 Hounsfield unit) detected by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is associated with lower risk of future occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The study included 189 patients who experienced vs […]
A US prospective cohort study suggested that unhealthy low-carbohydrate-diet and low-fat-diet scores were associated with higher total mortality, whereas healthy low-carbohydrate-diet and low-fat-diet scores were associated with lower total mortality. The study included 37 233 adults 20 years or older (mean age 49.7; 52.6% female) with 24-hour dietary recall data […]