Exercise, Not Vitamin D for Fall Prevention

The US Preventive Services Task Force has updated recommendations of exercise, but not vitamin D for fall prevention interventions in community-dwelling older adults. According to a systematically review of 62 randomized clinical trials (N = 35 058), multifactorial intervention trials were associated with a reduction in falls (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.79). Exercise […]


Prenatal SSRI Exposure Linked to Fetal Brain Changes

A cohort study in the US suggested prenatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) exposure was associated with changes in fetal brain structure and activity, particularly in brain regions critical to emotional processing. The study included 98 infants: 16 with in utero SSRI exposure, 21 with in utero untreated maternal depression […]


MRI-Targeted Superior to Standard Biopsy for Prostate-Cancer Diagnosis

An international, multicenter, randomized trial concluded that the use of risk assessment with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI-targeted biopsy was superior to standard transrectal ultrasonography–guided biopsy for prostate-cancer detection in men with a raised prostate-specific antigen level who had not undergone biopsy. A total of 500 men underwent […]


Increasing Adiposity Detrimental

Growing body of evidence supports that increasing adiposity has a detrimental association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and longevity. The association of body mass index (BMI) with CVD appeared more susceptible to confounding due to pre-existing comorbidities. Associations of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and percentage body fat mass with […]


Dietary Fibers Alleviate T2D by Promoting SCFA-Producing Gut Bacteria

A randomized clinical study of specifically designed isoenergetic diets, together with fecal shotgun metagenomics, showed that a select group of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing strains of the gut microbiota was promoted by dietary fibers, and correlated with improved blood-glucose regulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The improvement in hemoglobin […]