Introduction to the information for preventing and managing psychological and/or developmental disorders, such as autism, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorder.
Curing insomnia in people with depression could double their chance of a full recovery. The findings are based on a study of 66 patients after four sessions over eight weeks of cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia, or CBT-I for short. The therapist teaches people to establish a regular wake-up time and stick to it; get out of bed during waking periods; avoid eating, reading, watching TV or similar activities in bed; and eliminate daytime napping.
Benefit of alpha tocopherol (Vitamin E) in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease (AD) by slowing functional decline: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial involving 613 patients with mild to moderate AD suggests 2000 IU/d of alpha tocopherol compared with placebo resulted in slower functional decline.
Studies suggest a causal relationship between depression and cardiovascular events. A prospective cohort study (Whitehall II study in 10,036 civil servants in England, mean age at start 44.4 years, total follow up 24 years) provided evidence of a dose–response effect of depressive symptoms on risk of coronary heart disease. In contrast, prospective associations of depressive symptoms with stroke appeared to arise wholly or partly through reverse causation.
Another randomized controlled trial in 235 primary care patients 60 years or older with major depression or dysthymia (Improving Mood-Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment, IMPACT) in the US revealed that collaborative depression care delivered before cardiovascular disease (CVD) onset halved the excess risk of the hard CVD events among older, depressed patients, but not in those patients with baseline CVD.
Autism incidence linked to environmental factors. The spatial incidence patterns of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) in nearly one third of the US population showed that adjusted for gender, ethnic, socioeconomic, and geopolitical factors, the ASD incidence was strongly linked to population-normalized rates of congenital malformations of the reproductive system, a surrogate for environmental exposure of parents to unmeasured developmental risk factors, including toxins. Such congenital malformations were barely significant for ID. Furthermore, the state-mandated rigor of diagnosis of ASD for consideration in the special education system was predictive of a considerable decrease in ASD and ID incidence. The quest for the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders should include environmental, demographic and socioeconomic factors, and governmental policies.介绍有关防治心理和/或发育障碍方面的信息， 诸如自闭症，抑郁症和强迫症等。
治愈抑郁症病人的失眠可能使他们完全康复的机率增加一倍。这是根据一项对66个病人在超过8周期间进行了4个疗程的行为认知疗法（简称CBT-I）的研究。 治疗师教病人建立并坚持有规律的作息习惯；醒着的时候就起床；避免在床上吃东西，阅读， 看电视或者其它类似的活动；不要在白天打盹。
维生素E可能减慢功能退化而有利于轻中度老年痴呆：一个涉及613名轻中度老年痴呆患者的随机双盲安慰剂对照研究提示，与安慰剂对比, 每天2000国际单位维生素E使功能退化减慢。
研究提示抑郁与心血管病发作之间有因果关系。英国 一项包括10036名公务员的前瞻性人群研究（Whitehall II，平均起始年龄44.4岁，共随访24年）提供的证据表明抑郁症状与心血管病风险之间存在量效关系。相比之下，抑郁症状与脑卒中的前瞻性因果关系则正相反。
美国另一项包括235名60岁及以上重度抑郁或慢性抑郁症患者的随机对照研究则显示，在心血管病发病前通过综合措施治疗抑郁可使老年抑郁患者心血管病发作的风险降低一半，而对已患心血管病者则不然。
自闭症发病率与环境因素有关。自闭症和智力障碍的发病率在近三分之一的美国人口中的分布显示经调整相应的性别，种族，社会经济和地缘政治因素的影响后，自闭症发病率与人口标准化的生殖系统先天性畸形率（一种父母曾暴露于环境中影响后代发育的不明危险因素包括毒素的指标）密切相关。这种先天性畸形对于智力障碍的显著性则很勉强。而且自闭症的诊断用于特教的州政府规定的严谨性使预测的自闭症和智力障碍的发病率大幅下降。寻求神经发育障碍的病因应包括环境，人口和社会经济因素，以及政府政策。
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