Prospective and cross-sectional studies concluded that genetic and lifestyle factors were independently associated with susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD). Among participants at high genetic risk, a healthy lifestyle was associated with a nearly 50% lower relative risk of CAD than was an unfavorable lifestyle. The studies involved 55,685 participants with quantified genetic risk for CAD and four lifestyle factors: no current smoking, no obesity, regular physical activity, and a healthy diet. The relative risk of incident coronary events was 91% higher among participants at high genetic risk than among those at low genetic risk. A healthy lifestyle (defined as at least three of the four healthy lifestyle factors) was associated with a substantially lower risk of coronary events than an unfavorable lifestyle (defined as no or only one healthy lifestyle factor), regardless of the genetic risk category. Among participants at high genetic risk, a healthy lifestyle was associated with a 46% lower relative risk of coronary events than an unfavorable lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle was associated with significantly less coronary-artery calcification within each genetic risk category. Source: http://www.nejm.org/
前瞻性和横断面研究的结论是，遗传和生活方式因素独立与冠心病易感性相关。在高遗传风险者中，与不利的生活方式相比，健康的生活方式与冠心病相对风险降低近50％有关。该研究涉及55,685名具有量化冠心病遗传风险和四种生活方式因素者：当前没有吸烟，无肥胖，经常身体活动以及饮食健康。冠心病事件的相对风险在高遗传风险者中比在低遗传风险者高91％。无论遗传风险类别，健康的生活方式（定义为四种健康生活方式因素中的至少三种）与不利的生活方式（定义为没有或只有一种健康生活方式因素）相比，冠心病事件的风险显着降低。在高遗传风险者中，与不利的生活方式相比，健康的生活方式与冠心病事件的相对风险降低46％有关。健康的生活方式亦与每个遗传风险类别中的冠脉钙化显着减少相关。来源：http://www.nejm.org/