Two prospective longitudinal cohort studies in the US suggested that higher dietary intakes of major saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. The studies included 73 147 women (1984-2012) and 42 635 men (1986-2010), who were free of major chronic diseases at baseline. Mean intake of SFAs accounted for 9.0-11.3% energy intake over time, and was mainly composed of lauric acid (12:0), myristic acid (14:0), palmitic acid (16:0), and stearic acid (18:0; 8.8-10.7% energy). Intake of 12:0, 14:0, 16:0 and 18:0 were highly correlated. Comparing the highest to the lowest groups of individual SFA intakes, hazard ratios of coronary heart disease was 1.18 for all four SFAs combined (12:0-18:0), after multivariate adjustment of lifestyle factors and total energy intake. Hazard ratios of coronary heart disease for isocaloric replacement of 1% energy from 12:0-18:0 were 0.92 for polyunsaturated fat, 0.95 for monounsaturated fat, 0.94 for whole grain carbohydrates, and 0.93 for plant proteins. Source: http://www.bmj.com/
美国两项前瞻性纵向群组研究表明，膳食主要饱和脂肪酸摄入量较高与冠心病的风险增加相关。研究包括基线时无重大慢性病的73 147名妇女（1984 – 2012年）和42 635名男性（1986 – 2010年）。饱和脂肪酸摄取平均占能量摄入的9.0-11.3％，主要是月桂酸（12:0），肉豆蔻酸（14:0），棕榈酸（16:0）和硬脂酸（18:0; 8.8-10.7％能量）。 12:0, 14:0, 16:0和18:0的摄取高度相关。比较各饱和脂肪酸摄入的最高和最低组，经多变量校正生活方式因素和总能量摄入后，所有四种饱和脂肪酸（12:0-18:0）结合的冠心病风险比为1.18。以1％能量的等热值替代12:0-18:0的冠心病风险比分别为，多不饱和脂肪0.92，单不饱和脂肪0.95，全谷碳水化合物0.94，及植物蛋白0.93。来源：http://www.bmj.com/