A systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that evidence from randomized controlled trials does not support low-fat diets over other dietary interventions of similar intensity for long-term weight loss. 53 studies were included in the analysis, including 68 128 participants (69 comparisons). In weight loss trials, low-carbohydrate interventions led to significantly greater weight loss than did low-fat interventions with pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) 1•15 kg. Low-fat interventions did not lead to differences in weight change compared with other higher-fat weight loss interventions (WMD 0•36 kg) and led to a greater weight decrease only when compared with a usual diet (WMD −5•41 kg). Similarly, results of non-weight-loss trials and weight maintenance trials, for which no low-carbohydrate comparisons were made, showed that low-fat versus higher-fat interventions have a similar effect on weight loss, and that low-fat interventions led to greater weight loss only when compared with usual diet. In weight loss trials, higher-fat weight loss interventions led to significantly greater weight loss than low-fat interventions when groups differed by more than 5% of calories obtained from fat at follow-up (WMD 1•04 kg), and when the difference in serum triglycerides between the two interventions at follow-up was at least 0•06 mmol/L (WMD 1•38 kg). Source: http://www.thelancet.com/
一项系统综述和荟萃分析显示，随机对照试验的证据并不支持低脂饮食相对于类似强度的其他饮食干预用于长期减肥。 该分析包括53项研究，共68 128名参与者（69项比较）。在减肥试验中，低碳水化合物比低脂干预导致显著更大的减重，综合加权平均差异1•14公斤。与其它高脂减重干预相比，低脂干预并未导致体重变化的差异（加权平均差异 0•35公斤），而仅当与通常的饮食相比才导致更大的减重（加权平均差异 -5•41公斤）。同样地，非减肥试验和体重维持试验中，未与低碳水化合物进行比较，结果表明，低脂与高脂干预对减肥效果类似，而只有当与通常的饮食相比低脂干预才导致更大幅度的减肥。在减肥试验中，高脂减肥干预比低脂干预导致显著更大的减重，若随访时来自脂肪的热量组间差别超过5％（加权平均差异 1•04公斤），或当随访时两种干预措施的血清甘油三酯组间差别至少是0•06毫摩尔/升（加权平均差异 1•38公斤）。来源：http://www.thelancet.com/