A retrospective study found that takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy represents an acute heart failure syndrome with substantial morbidity and mortality. 1750 patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy were compared with age- and sex-matched patients who had an acute coronary syndrome. Among patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy, 89.8% were women (mean age, 66.8 years). Emotional triggers were not as common as physical triggers (27.7% vs. 36.0%), and 28.5% of patients had no evident trigger. Compared with an acute coronary syndrome, rates of neurologic or psychiatric disorders were higher (55.8% vs. 25.7%) and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was markedly lower (40.7±11.2% vs. 51.5±12.3%). Rates of severe in-hospital complications including shock and death were similar in the two groups. Physical triggers, acute neurologic or psychiatric diseases, high troponin levels, and a low ejection fraction on admission were independent predictors for in-hospital complications. During long-term follow-up, the rate of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events was 9.9% per patient-year, and the rate of death was 5.6% per patient-year. The condition, often referred as “broken heart syndrome”, was first described in Japan in 1990 and believed to be a benign disorder of older women triggered by highly stressful events. “Takotsubo” is a Japanese word for an octopus trap that resembles the heart’s shape during abnormal contracture. Source: http://www.nejm.org/
一项回顾性研究发现，Takotsubo（应激性）心肌病是一种发病率和死亡率相当高的急性心衰综合征。 该研究对1750例Takotsubo心肌病与年龄和性别匹配的急性冠脉综合征患者进行了比较。Takotsubo心肌病患者89.8％为女性（平均年龄66.8岁）。情感诱因并不比体力诱因更常见（27.7％对36.0％），且28.5％的病人无明显诱因。与急性冠脉综合征相比，神经或精神疾病率较高（55.8％对25.7％）而平均左心室射血分数显着降低（40.7±11.2％和51.5±12.3％）。住院期间的严重并发症，包括休克和死亡率则两组相似。有体力诱因，急性神经或精神疾病，高肌钙蛋白水平，并在入院时射血分数低均为住院期间并发症的独立预测因素。长期随访期间，主要不良心脑血管事件发生率为每病人年9.9％，死亡率为每病人年5.6％。该病通常被称为“伤心综合症”，最早在1990年描述于日本，相信是由高度紧张的事件触发的老年妇女的良性疾病。 “Takotsubo”是一个日本词，一种类似于心脏异常挛缩时形状的章鱼陷阱。来源：http://www.nejm.org/