To summarize evidence about associations between fatty acids and coronary artery disease, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of fatty acid supplementation, observational studies comparing top and the bottom third of baseline dietary fatty acid intake as well as studies of circulating fatty acids concluded that current evidence does not clearly support nutritional guidelines that encourage high consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and low consumption of total saturated fats. The benefits of a low-fat diet (particularly a diet replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates or Ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids) had been challenged by other researchers.为了总结脂肪酸和冠心病有关的证据，一项对脂肪酸补充剂的随机对照研究，比较膳食中脂肪酸摄入量高低的观察性研究，以及血循环脂肪酸研究的系统性综述和荟萃分析结论是，现有的证据并不明确支持营养指南 中鼓励增加多不饱和脂肪酸和降低总饱和脂肪摄入。低脂饮食（尤其是饮食中以碳水化合物或Ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸替代饱和脂肪）的益处已被其他研究人员质疑。
